Engineering - Wikipedia. Engineering is the application of mathematics, empirical evidence and scientific, economic, social, and practical knowledge in order to invent, innovate, design, build, maintain, research, and improve structures, machines, tools, systems, components, materials, processes and organizations. The discipline of engineering is extremely broad, and encompasses a range of more specialized fields of engineering, each with a more specific emphasis on particular areas of applied science, technology and types of application. The term Engineering is derived from the Latiningenium, meaning . Each of these inventions is essentially consistent with the modern definition of engineering. The term engineering is derived from the word engineer, which itself dates back to 1. Notable examples of the obsolete usage which have survived to the present day are military engineering corps, e. U. S. Army Corps of Engineers. The word . The Antikythera mechanism, the first known mechanical computer. Some of Archimedes' inventions as well as the Antikythera mechanism required sophisticated knowledge of differential gearing or epicyclic gearing, two key principles in machine theory that helped design the gear trains of the Industrial Revolution, and are still widely used today in diverse fields such as robotics and automotive engineering. In the Middle Ages, the trebuchet was developed. Renaissance era. Similarly, in addition to military and civil engineering the fields then known as the mechanic arts became incorporated into engineering. Modern era. The development of specialized machines and machine tools during the industrial revolution led to the rapid growth of mechanical engineering both in its birthplace Britain and abroad. He was an English civil engineer responsible for the design of bridges, canals, harbours and lighthouses. He was also a capable mechanical engineer and an eminent physicist. Smeaton designed the third Eddystone Lighthouse (1. His lighthouse remained in use until 1. Plymouth Hoe where it is known as Smeaton's Tower. He is important in the history, rediscovery of, and development of modern cement, because he identified the compositional requirements needed to obtain . In 1. 87. 0 there were a dozen U. S. In 1. 89. 0 there were 6,0. Germany established technical universities earlier. The theoretical work of James Maxwell (see: Maxwell's equations) and Heinrich Hertz in the late 1. The later inventions of the vacuum tube and the transistor further accelerated the development of electronics to such an extent that electrical and electronics engineers currently outnumber their colleagues of any other engineering specialty. Its origins can be traced back to the aviation pioneers around the start of the 2. Sir George Cayley has recently been dated as being from the last decade of the 1. Early knowledge of aeronautical engineering was largely empirical with some concepts and skills imported from other branches of engineering. Meanwhile, research to provide fundamental background science continued by combining theoretical physics with experiments. In 1. 99. 0, with the rise of computer technology, the first search engine was built by computer engineer. Alan Emtage. Main branches of engineering. These disciplines concern themselves with differing areas of engineering work. Although initially an engineer will usually be trained in a specific discipline, throughout an engineer's career the engineer may become multi- disciplined, having worked in several of the outlined areas. The software of daily log templates is competent in maintaining a brief time log template. A column of high/low proficiency or standard of completed job can also be employed to this log sheet as well. Daily Work Log Template. The Engineering Template Permanent is a document that provides the permanent engineering templates for people to apply for a job. Mechanical Engineer CV Template 4 Document(s). Work Order Template; Blank Job Application. The ECN form template below serves as a starting point for manufacturers. It is an organized way to document and communicate change data. But paper forms can make implementing a change a time-consuming process. Become a Chartered Engineer; Join the National Engineering Register. Engineers Australia and the Defence Science and Technology Group invite members and professionals to attend an upcoming Lecture Series “Exploring. Aircraft Technical Log Template.pdf. Chief Engineer FSTD Discrepancy Log(s). Download free Microsoft Excel templates and spreadsheets. Work Order Template; Purchase Order; Billing Statement; Receipt Templates. Family Tree Template; Gas Mileage Log & Calculator. Find Project Engineer resumes today on Indeed Resume. Fast, simple resume search. Background who possesses self-discipline and the ability to work with the minimum. Test engineer CV template Author: www.dayjob.com. Anyone carrying out work on the building and its services. This log book is to be kept at all times in. Engineering is often characterized as having four main branches. Historically, naval engineering and mining engineering were major branches. Other engineering fields sometimes included as major branches. These and other branches of engineering are represented in the 3. Licensed Member institutions of the UK Engineering Council. New specialties sometimes combine with the traditional fields and form new branches . A new or emerging area of application will commonly be defined temporarily as a permutation or subset of existing disciplines; there is often gray area as to when a given sub- field warrants classification as a new . As a result, there are many different types of engineering degrees available. In the past, engineering could be divided into four major branches: Mechanical, Chemical, Civil and Electrical, with sub branches of each discipline. Today however, the number of engineering degrees available have increased dramatically. Practice. In the UK many trades are called . The blades, rotor and stator as well as the steam cycle all need to be carefully designed and optimized. Engineers apply mathematics and sciences such as physics to find suitable solutions to problems or to make improvements to the status quo. More than ever, engineers are now required to have knowledge of relevant sciences for their design projects. As a result, they keep on learning new material throughout their career. If multiple options exist, engineers weigh different design choices on their merits and choose the solution that best matches the requirements. The crucial and unique task of the engineer is to identify, understand, and interpret the constraints on a design in order to produce a successful result. It is usually not enough to build a technically successful product; it must also meet further requirements. Constraints may include available resources, physical, imaginative or technical limitations, flexibility for future modifications and additions, and other factors, such as requirements for cost, safety, marketability, productivity, and serviceability. By understanding the constraints, engineers derive specifications for the limits within which a viable object or system may be produced and operated. A general methodology and epistemology of engineering can be inferred from the historical case studies and comments provided by Walter Vincenti. Engineering is applied to design, with emphasis on function and the utilization of mathematics and science. Engineers use their knowledge of science, mathematics, logic, economics, and appropriate experience or tacit knowledge to find suitable solutions to a problem. Creating an appropriate mathematical model of a problem allows them to analyze it (sometimes definitively), and to test potential solutions. Usually multiple reasonable solutions exist, so engineers must evaluate the different design choices on their merits and choose the solution that best meets their requirements. Genrich Altshuller, after gathering statistics on a large number of patents, suggested that compromises are at the heart of . They use, among other things: prototypes, scale models, simulations, destructive tests, nondestructive tests, and stress tests. Testing ensures that products will perform as expected. Engineers take on the responsibility of producing designs that will perform as well as expected and will not cause unintended harm to the public at large. Engineers typically include a factor of safety in their designs to reduce the risk of unexpected failure. However, the greater the safety factor, the less efficient the design may be. The study of failed products is known as forensic engineering, and can help the product designer in evaluating his or her design in the light of real conditions. The discipline is of greatest value after disasters, such as bridge collapses, when careful analysis is needed to establish the cause or causes of the failure. Computer use. As well as the typical business application software there are a number of computer aided applications (computer- aided technologies) specifically for engineering. Computers can be used to generate models of fundamental physical processes, which can be solved using numerical methods. One of the most widely used design tools in the profession is computer- aided design (CAD) software like CATIA, Autodesk Inventor, DSS Solid. Works or Pro Engineer which enables engineers to create 3. D models, 2. D drawings, and schematics of their designs. CAD together with digital mockup (DMU) and CAE software such as finite element method analysis or analytic element method allows engineers to create models of designs that can be analyzed without having to make expensive and time- consuming physical prototypes. These allow products and components to be checked for flaws; assess fit and assembly; study ergonomics; and to analyze static and dynamic characteristics of systems such as stresses, temperatures, electromagnetic emissions, electrical currents and voltages, digital logic levels, fluid flows, and kinematics. Access and distribution of all this information is generally organized with the use of product data management software. Almost all engineering projects are obligated to some sort of financing agency: a company, a set of investors, or a government. The few types of engineering that are minimally constrained by such issues are pro bono engineering and open- design engineering. By its very nature engineering has interconnections with society, culture and human behavior. Every product or construction used by modern society is influenced by engineering. The results of engineering activity influence changes to the environment, society and economies, and its application brings with it a responsibility and public safety. Many engineering societies have established codes of practice and codes of ethics to guide members and inform the public at large. Engineering projects can be subject to controversy. Examples from different engineering disciplines include the development of nuclear weapons, the Three Gorges Dam, the design and use of sport utility vehicles and the extraction of oil. In response, some western engineering companies have enacted serious corporate and social responsibility policies. Engineering is a key driver of innovation and human development.
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